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Updated: Jul 23, 2026

Site-specific Bacterial Chromosome Engineering: ΦC31 Integrase Mediated Cassette Exchange (IMCE)
Published on: March 16, 2012
The clc element of Pseudomonas sp. strain B13 and other mobile degradative elements employing phage-like integrases
J R van der Meer1, R Ravatn, V Sentchilo
1Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology (EAWAG), Ueberlandstrasse 133, Postfach 611, CH 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland. vdmeer@eawag.ch
Abstract:
Genes for metabolic pathways in bacteria that degrade aromatic or aliphatic pollutants have mostly been confined to either plasmid DNAs or to the chromosome. For a few pathways, including classical pathways for chlorocatechol and biphenyl degradation, recent evidence has been obtained for location of the pathway genes on mobile DNA elements which employ phage-like integrases. This enables the DNA elements to integrate into specific sites on the chromosome and yet to excise and transfer to other host bacteria. This mini-review gives an overview of those elements and their relationship to an increasing number of phage-like elements associated with bacterial virulence.
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