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Chronic fatigue syndrome: an update.

R J Shephard1

  • 1Defence & Civil Institute of Environmental Medicine, and Faculty of Physical Education & Health, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. royjshep@mountain-inter.net

Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
|April 5, 2001
PubMed
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Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) involves prolonged, unexplained fatigue. While overtraining can trigger CFS in athletes, its causes in the general population are varied and inconsistently identified.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is defined by persistent, disproportionate fatigue lasting over six months without a clear cause.
  • Objective measures may show minimal physical decline, yet individuals avoid exertion, impacting daily life and athletic performance.
  • Low prevalence and historical lack of standardized diagnostic criteria have hindered research into CFS etiology and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential causes and contributing factors of chronic fatigue syndrome.
  • To differentiate potential triggers in athletes versus the general population.
  • To review current understanding of prognosis and effective management strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on chronic fatigue syndrome.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of precipitating factors in athletes (overtraining, negative energy balance).
  • Examination of proposed causes in the general population (psychological stress, hormonal, immune, infectious factors).

    • Main Results:

    • Overtraining and negative energy balance are identified as potential triggers in elite athletes.
    • Diverse factors like psychological stress, hormonal dysfunction, and immune issues are implicated in the general population but lack consistent evidence.
    • Prognosis is often poor, with prolonged disability and impaired athletic function.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective prevention in athletes involves careful monitoring to avoid overtraining.
    • Management of established CFS requires breaking the cycle of avoidance through encouragement and progressive exercise programs.
    • Further research is needed to clarify consistent etiologies across different populations.