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NPY in invertebrates: molecular answers to altered functions during evolution
M de Jong-Brink1, A ter Maat, C P Tensen
1Vrije Universiteit, Faculty of Biology, Department of Developmental Neurobiology, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. mdejong@bio.vu.nl
Peptides
|April 5, 2001
Summary
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) in Lymnaea regulates energy but not feeding, unlike in mammals. This study explores the molecular basis for NPY
Area of Science:
- Neuroendocrinology
- Comparative Physiology
- Evolutionary Biology
Background:
- Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is crucial for energy balance in Lymnaea stagnalis.
- Unlike mammals, NPY in Lymnaea does not influence food intake.
- A novel leptin-like factor (LySFF) from glycogen cells inhibits feeding in Lymnaea.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between food consumption and energy storage in Lymnaea.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms behind the altered function of NPY during evolution.
- To understand the role of LySFF in regulating NPY neuron activity.
Main Methods:
- Comparative molecular analysis of NPY across invertebrates.
- Pharmacological characterization of the Lymnaea NPY receptor.
- Hypothesizing receptor interactions based on functional data.
Main Results:
- Molluscan and arthropod NPY are true homologs of vertebrate NPYs.
- The Lymnaea NPY receptor is likely a Y1 subtype.
- LySFF may modulate NPY neuron activity via specific receptors.
Conclusions:
- Lymnaea NPY's role in energy homeostasis is modulated by LySFF, linking feeding to energy stores.
- The divergence in NPY function (feeding vs. energy balance) may be due to receptor subtype evolution (Y1 vs. Y5).
- This study provides insights into the evolutionary plasticity of NPY signaling.