Colonization with Schizophyllum commune of localized honeycomb lung with mucus

We report a surgical case involving localized honeycomb lung with mucus, caused by colonization of a Schizophyllum commune, which displayed a tumorous shadow in the right upper mediastinum. A 74-year-old male with a history of tuberculosis in the 1970s was referred to Chiba University Hospital (Chiba, Japan) with an abnormal shadow evident in the chest roentgenogram. A transbronchial biopsy failed to yield a definite diagnosis. We resected the right upper lobe, which was found to contain a consolidative lesion filled with viscous mucus in the right upper lobe adjacent to the right upper mediastinum. Microscopic examination revealed a honeycomb lung formation with mucus in the destroyed space. Culture of the mucus yielded a whitish filamentous fungus, positively identified as S. commune. This is the first report of S. commune leading to a deposit of mucus and the formation of a consolidative lesion in the destroyed lung.