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Related Experiment Videos

MR urography: examination techniques and clinical applications.

C C Nolte-Ernsting1, G B Adam, R W Günther

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Technology, Aachen, Germany. nolte@rad.rwth-aachen.de

European Radiology
|April 6, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Modern MR urography uses two complementary strategies: T2-weighted imaging for dilated tracts and excretory (T1-weighted) imaging with gadolinium for non-dilated tracts. These advanced MRI techniques improve diagnosis of upper urinary tract diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Modern MR urography employs two distinct imaging strategies for diagnosing upper urinary tract diseases.
  • These techniques can be used complementarily to provide comprehensive diagnostic coverage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the principles of T2-weighted and T1-weighted MR urography.
  • To inform on safe clinical applications for diagnosing various urinary tract disorders.

Main Methods:

  • T2-weighted MR urography uses unenhanced, heavily T2-weighted sequences for static-fluid imaging.
  • Excretory MR urography uses intravenous gadolinium chelates and fast T1-weighted sequences after renal excretion.
  • Combination with low-dose furosemide ensures uniform contrast distribution and avoids signal loss.

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Main Results:

  • T2-weighted MR urography excels at visualizing markedly dilated urinary tracts, even with quiescent renal function.
  • Static-fluid MR urography is less effective for non-dilated collecting systems.
  • Gadolinium excretory MR urography provides high-quality images of both non-dilated and obstructed tracts in patients with normal or moderately impaired renal function.

Conclusions:

  • MR urography, combining T2- and T1-weighted techniques, offers a comprehensive approach to upper urinary tract disease diagnosis.
  • It has the potential to reduce the need for invasive retrograde pyelography.
  • Despite economic considerations, MR urography is poised to become increasingly important in clinical uroradiology.