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Fluorescent liposome flow markers for microscale particle-image velocimetry
A K Singh1, E B Cummings, D J Throckmorton
1Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551-0969, USA.
Analytical Chemistry
|April 6, 2001
Summary
Novel fluorescent liposomes were developed for imaging microfluidic flow. These dual-labeled liposomes offer enhanced signal and easy removal, improving microflow analysis.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Microfluidics
- Analytical Chemistry
Background:
- Microfluidic devices require precise flow visualization.
- Traditional fluorescent markers can have limitations in signal intensity and removal.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize novel unilamellar liposomes as fluorescent markers for microfluidic flow imaging.
- To enhance fluorescence intensity and ensure easy removal from microchannels.
Main Methods:
- Liposomes synthesized using phospholipids and cholesterol, extruded through polycarbonate membranes.
- Incorporated carboxyfluorescein in the core and fluorescein-labeled lipids in the bilayer for dual fluorescence.
- Surface charge modified for reduced aggregation and adsorption on glass surfaces.
Main Results:
- Monodisperse liposomes (283 nm) with high fluorescence intensity achieved.
- Liposomes exhibited neutral buoyancy, hydrophilicity, and no adsorption on glass.
- Successfully imaged pressure-driven flow in microfluidic channels with excellent signal-to-noise ratio.
- Liposomes readily removed using surfactants, unlike polystyrene spheres.
Conclusions:
- Synthesized dual-labeled liposomes are effective fluorescent markers for microfluidic flow imaging.
- These liposomes offer advantages in signal intensity, ease of synthesis, and removal.
- Customizable liposome characteristics allow for broad applications in microscale flow analysis.