Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 8, 2026

Three and Four-Dimensional Visualization and Analysis Approaches to Study Vertebrate Axial Elongation and Segmentation
Published on: February 28, 2021
Progressive melorheostosis in the peripheral and axial skeleton with associated vascular malformations: imaging
N T Kalbermatten1, P Vock, D Rüfenacht
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
Abstract:
A 28-year old woman presented with Léri's disease (melorheostosis) and the rare combination of complex vascular malformations and lymphatic anomalies. Multifocal melorheostosis was segmental and unilateral, located in the left axial and peripheral skeleton, fifth thoracic vertebral body, fifth rib. left upper limb and lumbosacral spine (third lumbar body to first sacral segment). Sacral involvement was associated with spinal canal stenosis. Additionally the patient had multiple nevi and had suffered from left hemiplegia since birth. Lymphangiectasia of the mesentery and thorax led to chylothorax resistant to therapy for which the patient underwent a pleuropericardiectomy. Death ensued due to respiratory failure.
Related Concept Videos
Bone Disorders
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
Compact Bone
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
Bone Remodeling and Repair
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
Bone Remodeling