[What a physician should know about zeolites]

Area of Science:

• Mineralogy and Materials Science: Focus on hydrated crystalline aluminosilicates (zeolites).
• Biochemistry and Physiology: Examination of ion exchange, solubility, and physiological pH interactions.
• Toxicology: Investigation of potential mutagenic and carcinogenic effects.

Context:

• Zeolites possess unique absorptive and ion exchange properties.
• They are widely used in industry, water sanitation, agriculture, and animal husbandry.
• Emerging medical applications include external use and peroral administration of encapsulated powders.

Purpose:

• To explore the potential medical applications of zeolites, particularly peroral use.
• To investigate the physiological and toxicological effects of ingested zeolites.
• To understand the complex interactions between zeolites and the gastrointestinal system.

Summary:

• Ingested zeolites, largely undissolved, may influence gastrointestinal secretions, pH, and ion content.
• Potential effects include alterations in bacterial flora, nutrient resorption, and cytokine secretion.
• Concerns exist regarding potential mutagenic and carcinogenic effects, similar to asbestos fibers.

Impact:

• Highlights the complex and interrelated local and systemic effects of zeolite ingestion.
• Underscores the need for objective assessment using appropriate experimental models.
• Informs future research directions for safe and effective zeolite applications in medicine.