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Mumps with cerebellar encephalitis

A Shukla1, P Kumar, O P Kalra

  • 1Department of Medicine, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.

Insights

Mumps infection can cause acute cerebellar ataxia, a neurological condition affecting coordination. This case shows complete recovery, suggesting temporary cerebellar demyelination due to the mumps virus.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Mumps is a viral illness typically causing parotid gland swelling.
  • Neurological complications of mumps, though rare, can occur.
  • Cerebellar ataxia is a condition characterized by loss of coordination and balance.

Observation:

  • A 30-year-old male presented with symptoms consistent with mumps.
  • Two days post-parotid enlargement, he developed acute cerebellar ataxia.
  • Neurological symptoms included significant coordination and balance issues.

Findings:

  • The patient experienced a complete resolution of neurological symptoms within six weeks.
  • This rapid recovery suggests a reversible neurological process.
  • The clinical presentation is indicative of para-infectious cerebellar demyelination.

Implications:

  • Mumps virus should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute cerebellar ataxia.
  • Para-infectious cerebellar demyelination is a potential complication of mumps.
  • Understanding this association can aid in timely diagnosis and management of neurological sequelae.

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