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Improved hatch rate in helium-oxygen by reducing shell diffusion area.

H S Weiss

    Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.)
    |March 1, 1975
    PubMed
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    Paraffin coating eggs in helium (He) incubators improves hatch rates and reduces weight loss. However, this treatment is detrimental in normal air (N2) incubators, suggesting He’s negative impact is due to rapid gas diffusion.

    Area of Science:

    • * Embryology and developmental biology
    • * Avian reproductive physiology
    • * Gas exchange dynamics in incubation

    Background:

    • * Incubation conditions significantly influence avian embryo development and hatch success.
    • * Gaseous exchange across the eggshell is critical for embryonic respiration.
    • * Inert gases can alter the diffusion rates of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • * To investigate the effect of modifying eggshell permeability on hatch rates under different atmospheric conditions.
    • * To determine the impact of paraffin coating on egg weight loss during incubation in helium and air.
    • * To elucidate the role of inert gases, specifically helium, in avian incubation.

    Main Methods:

    • * Eggs were incubated in atmospheres of helium (79% He/21% O2) and air (79% N2/21% O2).

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  • * Approximately 50% of the eggshell surface was covered with melted paraffin.
  • * Hatch rates and egg weight loss were measured and compared between treated and control groups.

    • Main Results:

    • * Paraffin treatment significantly improved hatch rate (20% to 74%) and reduced weight loss (17% to 9%) in helium atmospheres.
    • * The same paraffin treatment negatively impacted hatch rate when applied to eggs incubated in air.
    • * Helium's adverse effects are attributed to excessively rapid gas diffusion across the shell.

    Conclusions:

    • * Modulating eggshell permeability via paraffin coating can be beneficial in helium incubators.
    • * Helium's high diffusion rate negatively affects incubation when eggshell permeability is not controlled.
    • * Inert gas effects in incubation are linked to their influence on gas flux across the eggshell.