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Related Experiment Videos

Lifting strategy and stability in strength-impaired elders.

M S Puniello1, C A McGibbon, D E Krebs

  • 1Massachusetts General Hospital Biomotion Laboratory and the MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston 02114-4719, USA.

Spine
|April 11, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Elderly individuals adapt lifting strategies based on muscle strength. Weaker individuals using a back-dominant strategy are at higher risk for falls and fractures.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Musculoskeletal Health

Background:

  • Elderly individuals frequently experience back pain and postural instability.
  • Existing research on lifting mechanics primarily focuses on younger populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between lifting strategies and lower extremity muscle strength in functionally limited older adults.
  • To assess the impact of lifting technique on postural stability in this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • Biomechanical analysis of freestyle box lifting was performed on 96 subjects.
  • Lifting strategies were classified based on peak power timing in back and knee joints for 91 functionally limited elders.
  • Isometric strength of hip and knee extensors and center of gravity (CG) displacement during lifting were measured.

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Main Results:

  • Three lifting strategies were identified: back dominant strategy (BDS), leg dominant strategy (LDS), and leg-dominant back-first mixed strategy (LDB).
  • Stronger hip and knee extensors correlated with LDS; weaker hip extensors with LDB; and weak hip and knee extensors with BDS.
  • LDS and LDB strategies resulted in significantly less CG displacement, indicating greater postural stability compared to BDS.

Conclusions:

  • Lifting strategy selection appears to be directly influenced by an individual's hip and knee extensor strength.
  • Elderly individuals employing the less stable BDS are at increased risk for falls and fractures.
  • Clinical assessment of muscle strength can identify at-risk individuals, who may benefit from targeted strength training and instruction in LDS or combined strategies.