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Adjusting for multiple testing--when and how?

R Bender1, S Lange

  • 1Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, University of Bielefeld, Germany. Ralf.Bender@uni-bielefield.de

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
|April 12, 2001
PubMed
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Biomedical research often faces challenges with multiple testing. This study summarizes methods to control error rates, emphasizing their crucial role in confirmatory studies for reliable conclusions.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Research
  • Epidemiological Research
  • Statistical Analysis

Background:

  • Biomedical and epidemiological studies frequently encounter issues with a high volume of data, hypotheses, and analyses.
  • Multiple testing theory offers a structured approach to manage and control error rates, preventing erroneous research conclusions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize existing multiple test procedures for common multiplicity situations in research.
  • To highlight the underutilization of these crucial statistical methods in practice.
  • To emphasize the necessity of multiple testing adjustments in confirmatory research.

Main Methods:

  • Review and summarization of established multiple test procedures.
  • Focus on critical multiplicity scenarios encountered in scientific research.

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  • Emphasis on the application of these procedures in confirmatory studies.

    • Main Results:

    • Multiple test procedures are essential for controlling error rates when combining results from multiple tests.
    • These procedures are currently underused in biomedical and epidemiological research.
    • Adjustments for multiple testing are mandatory for drawing a single, definitive conclusion in confirmatory studies.

    Conclusions:

    • The application of multiple testing adjustments is vital for the integrity of confirmatory research.
    • Researchers should be aware of and utilize appropriate methods to control error rates.
    • Clear reporting of controlled error rates is desirable when multiple significance tests are performed.