Treatment of elderly patients with non-small-cell lung cancer

One of the main reasons for the increased acceptance of chemotherapy for both early and advanced non-small-cell lung cancer is the clinical availability of several new cytotoxic drugs. These less toxic, yet highly effective, new drugs not only benefit younger patients, but also offer new treatment opportunities for the elderly; advanced age alone should not preclude appropriate cytotoxic therapy. Vinorelbine (Navelbine) was the first new agent tested in randomized trials with elderly patients having advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Results proved that vinorelbine does indeed have a survival advantage over best supportive care for these patients. Gemcitabine (Gemzar) is probably the most effective cytotoxic agent in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer today, showing high antitumor activity as a single agent and in combination. Moreover, it has a favorable toxicity profile. Since it can be effectively used for the palliation of tumor-related symptoms and can thus positively influence performance status, gemcitabine may be of great clinical importance in the treatment of elderly and unfit patients. Docetaxel (Taxotere) has recently become the first agent to be registered for second-line chemotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer. This decision was based on survival advantages and clinical benefit data stemming from two randomized phase III studies. Nonetheless, chemotherapy for elderly patients continues to be a major unresolved oncologic problem. Clinical research with the new cytotoxic agents should be intensified to further define the most appropriate use for these drugs as single agents or in combination for the treatment of elderly patients.