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Electronic tonometry in the newborn.

A Dominguez, M G Alvarez, M S Banos

    Advances in Ophthalmology = Fortschritte Der Augenheilkunde = Progres En Ophtalmologie
    |January 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Newborn intraocular pressure (IOP) varies greatly. Researchers suggest using

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Neonatal Care

    Background:

    • Neonatal intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement is crucial for detecting congenital glaucoma and other ocular conditions.
    • Accurate IOP measurement in newborns is challenging due to physiological factors and the need for non-invasive techniques.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the reliability of Mackay-Marg electronic tonometry for measuring intraocular pressure in neonates.
    • To establish reference values for neonatal IOP and investigate its variability.
    • To compare the Mackay-Marg tonometer with the Goldmann tonometer for clinical use in newborns.

    Main Methods:

    • Mackay-Marg electronic tonometry was performed on 504 eyes of newborn infants (up to 4 days old) without topical anesthesia.
    • Initial 100 cases were excluded due to high IOP readings attributed to insufficient tonometry.

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  • Intraocular pressure measurements were analyzed for mean, standard deviation, and variability.

    • Main Results:

    • The mean intraocular pressure in newborns was 12.41 mm Hg (SD ±2.58).
    • Significant and continuous variations in neonatal IOP were observed.
    • The Goldmann tonometer was deemed more reliable for clinical decisions in neonates compared to the Mackay-Marg tonometer.

    Conclusions:

    • Extreme variability in newborn intraocular pressure necessitates careful interpretation of readings.
    • Introduction of 'basal intraocular pressure' concept to establish a more homogenous comparative level.
    • Standardized anesthetic procedures and the Goldmann tonometer are recommended for reliable neonatal tonometry.