Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 1, 2026

Adoptive Immunotherapy of iNKT Cells in Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase (G6PI)-Induced RA Mice
Published on: January 31, 2020
Etanercept in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
C J Johnson1, K M Reilly, K M Murray
1Immunex Corporation, Professional Services Department, Seattle, WA 98101-2936, USA. cjohnson@immunex.com
Objective:
To review the classification, pathophysiology, safety, and efficacy of treatment options for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). Etanercept, the agent most recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in JRA, is featured.
Data Sources:
Articles were identified from a search of the MEDLINE database (1966 to January 2000) and through secondary sources. Meeting abstracts and posters were also evaluated.
Study Selection And Data Extraction:
Articles identified and retrieved from data sources were evaluated and, if determined to be relevant, were included in this review.
Data Synthesis:
JRA represents a major cause of functional disability in children. In contrast to traditional therapeutic agents for JRA, which act through generalized antiinflammatory activity or generalized immunosuppression, new therapeutic modalities have been developed that target specific molecules involved in the pathophysiology of JRA. Etanercept inhibits the activity of tumor necrosis factor and lymphotoxin-alpha. In a clinical trial of patients with polyarticular-course JRA, etanercept-treated patients experienced less pain and swelling in their joints, decreased incidence of disease activity, less frequent flare, and a longer time to flare than patients receiving placebo. Treatment with etanercept was generally well-tolerated.
Conclusions:
Etanercept represents an exciting new therapeutic option for the treatment of JRA. The positioning of etanercept among other therapeutic options for JRA will be more clearly established as additional safety and efficacy data are made available.
Related Concept Videos
T Cell Types and Functions
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Autoimmune Disorders
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists
ETs are synthesized through a complex sequence of enzymatic steps, primarily involving an enzyme referred to as endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE). Of...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

