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Stellate cells in the human vocal fold.

K Sato1, M Hirano, T Nakashima

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kurume University, School of Medicine, Japan.

The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology
|April 20, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Newly discovered vocal fold stellate cells (VFSC) actively synthesize extracellular matrices in adult human vocal folds. These star-like cells are crucial for vocal fold tissue metabolism and function.

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Area of Science:

  • Vocal fold histology
  • Cell biology
  • Extracellular matrix synthesis

Background:

  • The human vocal fold mucosa contains specialized extracellular matrix components crucial for voice production.
  • The cellular origins and specific functions of these matrix-producing cells have not been fully elucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize novel star-like cells in the human adult vocal fold mucosa.
  • To investigate the synthetic activity and extracellular matrix contribution of these newly identified cells.

Main Methods:

  • Light and electron microscopy were used to examine excised human adult larynges.
  • Histochemical staining (Periodic acid-Schiff) and collagen typing were performed.
  • Comparison with conventional fibroblasts was conducted.

Main Results:

  • Vocal fold stellate cells (VFSC) were identified in the maculae flavae, exhibiting irregular, star-like shapes with cytoplasmic processes.
  • VFSC possess features indicative of active protein synthesis, including abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum and lipid droplets.
  • These cells actively synthesize collagenous fibers (reticular fibers), elastic fibers, and glycosaminoglycans (hyaluronic acid), contributing to the vocal fold extracellular matrix.

Conclusions:

  • Vocal fold stellate cells (VFSC) are a distinct cell type in the human adult vocal fold mucosa.
  • VFSC play a significant role in the synthesis and metabolism of extracellular matrices essential for vocal fold viscoelasticity and vibratory function.

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