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New thoughts on female precocious puberty.

S R Ojeda1, S Heger

  • 1Division of Neuroscience, Oregon Regional Primate Research Center/Oregon Health Sciences University, Beaverton 97006, USA. ojedas@ohsu.edu

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism : JPEM
|April 20, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Puberty initiation involves central neuroendocrine processes. Isolated changes in specific neuronal or glial cells can trigger premature puberty, known as idiopathic sexual precocity, without widespread brain system activation.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Mammalian puberty onset is a complex process.
  • Neuroendocrine mechanisms controlling puberty are under intense investigation.
  • Neuronal and astroglial networks play critical roles in regulating gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying puberty initiation.
  • To discuss the potential for isolated alterations in neuronal or glial components to cause precocious puberty.
  • To propose a model for idiopathic sexual precocity based on localized neuroendocrine activation.

Main Methods:

  • This study is a conceptual review and discussion.
  • It synthesizes existing knowledge on neuroendocrine regulation of puberty.

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  • It proposes a theoretical framework for understanding precocious puberty.

    • Main Results:

    • Puberty initiation involves central excitatory and inhibitory amino acid neurotransmission and growth factor-secreting astroglia.
    • Isolated alterations in these specific components can lead to precocious activation of pulsatile luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) release.
    • This premature activation results in idiopathic sexual precocity without generalized brain activation or structural damage.

    Conclusions:

    • Idiopathic sexual precocity may arise from localized disruptions in the neuroendocrine control of puberty.
    • Specific neuronal subsets functionally linked to LHRH neurons are sufficient to initiate pubertal processes prematurely.
    • Understanding these localized mechanisms is key to explaining precocious puberty.