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Nephrotoxicity associated with cephalothin administration.

P C Carling, B A Idelson, A A Casano

Archives of Internal Medicine

|June 1, 1975

Summary

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Cephalothin sodium can cause acute kidney injury, including acute tubular necrosis, in patients. Prompt discontinuation of this antibiotic led to recovery in all observed cases of renal failure.

Area of Science:

Nephrology
Pharmacology
Internal Medicine

Background:

Cephalothin sodium is a widely used antibiotic.
Potential adverse effects of medications on renal function require careful monitoring.
Acute tubular necrosis is a significant cause of acute kidney injury.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the potential nephrotoxicity of cephalothin sodium.
To describe the clinical presentation and outcomes of patients developing renal failure during cephalothin therapy.

Main Methods:

Case series reporting on three patients who developed acute renal failure.
Clinical assessment, laboratory tests (including urine sodium), and urinalysis were performed.
Evaluation for alternative causes of renal failure was conducted.

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Main Results:

Three patients developed variable degrees of acute renal failure consistent with acute tubular necrosis.
Manifestations included oliguric and nonoliguric acute tubular necrosis.
All patients recovered renal function after cephalothin discontinuation, with one requiring peritoneal dialysis.

Conclusions:

Cephalothin sodium is capable of inducing renal damage, specifically acute tubular necrosis, in humans.
Discontinuation of cephalothin therapy is crucial for recovery from drug-induced nephrotoxicity.
Clinicians should be vigilant for signs of renal impairment in patients treated with cephalothin.