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Related Experiment Videos

Desmoglein isoform distribution affects stratum corneum structure and function.

P M Elias1, N Matsuyoshi, H Wu

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA.

The Journal of Cell Biology
|April 20, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Altering desmoglein 3 distribution in mouse epidermis disrupts the skin barrier, causing dehydration and scaling. This highlights desmoglein

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Dermatology
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Desmogleins are key cell-cell adhesion molecules in stratified squamous epithelia.
  • Two major isoforms, desmoglein 1 and desmoglein 3, have distinct distributions in epidermis and mucous membranes.
  • The functional significance of this differential distribution remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional role of desmoglein isoform distribution in epidermal barrier formation.
  • To determine how altering desmoglein 3 localization impacts epidermal structure and function.

Main Methods:

  • Engineered transgenic mice to express desmoglein 3 under the involucrin promoter, mimicking mucous membrane distribution in epidermis.
  • Analyzed epidermal morphology, differentiation markers, and stratum corneum structure.

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  • Assessed transepidermal water loss (TEWL) using in vitro and in vivo methods and tape stripping.

    • Main Results:

    • Transgenic mice exhibited altered desmoglein 3 distribution in the epidermis.
    • Epidermal stratum corneum showed abnormal lamellar structure and premature corneocyte loss.
    • Mice displayed increased TEWL, severe dehydration, and died shortly after birth.
    • Tape stripping confirmed premature corneocyte dysadhesion.

    Conclusions:

    • Differential desmoglein isoform expression is critical for epidermal barrier integrity.
    • Altering desmoglein 3 distribution disrupts stratum corneum cohesion, leading to excessive water loss.
    • Desmoglein isoform localization significantly impacts the permeability barrier function of the epidermis.