Cell function-based flow cytometry

Flow cytometry is increasingly used to assess the functional status of leukocytes, and practically all aspects of their life (and death) are accessible to flow cytometric study. Together with familiar features of flow cytometry, such as multiparameter immunophenotyping, cell function-based flow cytometry has provided many new insights into the relationships among lymphocyte cell surface features; intracellular processes, such as cytokine production and protein phosphorylation; and the functional status of lymphocytes in a variety of human diseases. Direct visualization and quantification of antigen-specific T cells using major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-peptide tetramer technology, in combination with functional assays, has provided the means to study specific T-cell subsets of interest. Even early in its development, this technology already has offered a better understanding of basic and clinical immunology and has invited reassessment of several long-standing immunologic concepts. Semin Hematol 38:169-178. This is a US government work. There are no restrictions on its use.