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Related Experiment Videos

Primate origins: evolutionary change in digital ray patterning and segmentation.

M W Hamrick1

  • 1Department of Anthropology & School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, U.S.A. mhamrick@kent.edu

Journal of Human Evolution
|April 21, 2001
PubMed
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Early primates evolved unique hand proportions for grasping, differing from relatives like tree shrews. This grasping hand, seen in modern primates, originated from early developmental changes in finger bone patterning.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Paleontology
  • Primate morphology

Background:

  • Primate hand proportions are distinct from closely related mammals such as tree shrews and colugos.
  • Existing strepsirrhines and haplorhines possess a grasping hand characterized by short metacarpals and long proximal phalanges.
  • Plesiadapiforms, an extinct primate group, exhibit different hand proportions compared to extant primates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary origins of primate hand proportions.
  • To determine the role of embryonic patterning in the development and evolution of primate hands.
  • To compare limb development in primates with other mammalian groups.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of limb development in the primate Microcebus murinus.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Study of a comparative sample including rodents, artiodactyls, and marsupials.
  • Examination of paleontological, comparative, and developmental data.

    • Main Results:

    • Early primates, like extant lemurs and anthropoids, had grasping hands with short metacarpals and long proximal phalanges.
    • These derived finger proportions originate during early digital ray patterning and segmentation in embryonic development.
    • Interspecific variations in digit and metapodial proportions show high developmental penetrance, appearing early in ontogeny.

    Conclusions:

    • The grasping hand of primates is an evolutionarily conserved trait originating from changes in digital ray pattern formation.
    • Developmental data supports the hypothesis that altered embryonic patterning was key to the evolution of the primate grasping hand.
    • The early Cenozoic origin of primates likely involved modifications in limb development leading to specialized hand morphology.