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The effect of evolution on host-parasitoid systems.

R Kon1, Y Takeuchi

  • 1Department of Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Japan. 5745015@ipc.shizuoka.ac.jp

Journal of Theoretical Biology
|April 21, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Natural selection favors complex population dynamics in host-parasitoid systems. Stable equilibria are often invaded by hosts with unstable dynamics, unless trade-offs exist between host traits.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Population Dynamics

Background:

  • First-order difference equations can generate complex population dynamics like chaos.
  • The occurrence of such dynamics in real host-parasitoid systems is an open question.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the evolutionary dynamics of host-parasitoid systems under natural selection.
  • Determine conditions under which stable or unstable population dynamics are favored.
  • Analyze the role of host evolution in shaping system stability.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling a 1-host, 1-parasitoid system where only the host evolves.
  • Assessing invasibility of host types within the system.
  • Considering two evolutionary scenarios for the host: growth rate/density sensitivity and growth rate/parasitoid vulnerability.

Main Results:

  • Without trade-offs between evolving host traits, stable equilibria are not favored by natural selection.
  • Host types promoting unstable equilibria can invade systems with stable dynamics.
  • Trade-offs between evolving host traits can allow natural selection to favor systems with stable equilibria.

Conclusions:

  • Host evolution can drive population dynamics away from stable equilibria.
  • The presence of trade-offs is crucial for maintaining stable host-parasitoid dynamics under selection.
  • Understanding these evolutionary-ecological feedbacks is key to predicting real-world population stability.

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