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Brachycephaly and external pressure.

K Hwang1

  • 1Department of Plastic Surgery, Inha University Hospital, 7-206 Shinheung-dong, Choong-gu, Inchon, 400-103, Korea.

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|April 21, 2001
PubMed
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Intentional head shaping, or brachycephaly, was practiced in ancient Korea and by Native American tribes. This artificial cranial deformation involved applying pressure to an infant's skull to achieve a desired head shape.

Area of Science:

  • Paleoanthropology
  • Bioarchaeology
  • Physical Anthropology

Background:

  • Historical records and archaeological findings suggest ancient practices of artificial cranial deformation.
  • Specific interest in the rite of imitation of the child's head to brachycephaly.

Observation:

  • Excavation of two uniquely shaped skulls from an ancient tomb in Yean village, Republic of Korea.
  • Deformation identified as intentional frontal flattening, with compensatory growth in parietal bones and minor downward shift of the maxilla.
  • Comparison with historical accounts from 4th century A.D. Korea and practices of Chinook and Salish tribes.

Findings:

  • The Yean village skulls exhibit significant frontal bone flattening due to primary deforming force.
  • Compensatory growth patterns observed in the parietal bones and maxilla.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evidence supports the hypothesis that brachycephaly can be induced by direct extrinsic pressure on a soft infant skull.

    • Implications:

    • Provides insight into ancient cultural practices and their impact on human skeletal morphology.
    • Highlights the variability of head shaping techniques across different cultures and time periods.
    • Suggests that artificial cranial deformation is possible through sustained external pressure during infancy.