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Pericardial effusions in anorexia nervosa.

J Frölich1, A von Gontard, G Lehmkuhl

  • 1Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Universität zu Köln Robert Koch Str. 10, 50931 Köln, Germany.

European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
|April 24, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Pericardial effusions, fluid around the heart, may be a common cardiac complication in adolescent females with anorexia nervosa. Weight restoration often leads to the remission of these effusions.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Eating Disorders
  • Pediatric Medicine

Background:

  • Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder associated with various cardiac complications.
  • Known cardiac issues include arrhythmias, mitral valve prolapse, and reduced ventricular mass.
  • Electrolyte and acid-base imbalances in anorexia nervosa can impact cardiac function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of pericardial effusions in adolescent females with anorexia nervosa.
  • To assess the relationship between pericardial effusions and weight restoration in this patient population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series analysis of ten inpatient female adolescents diagnosed with anorexia nervosa between 1990 and 1999.
  • Diagnosis and monitoring of pericardial effusions were conducted using echocardiography.

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  • Clinical evaluation for signs of heart failure was performed.

    • Main Results:

    • Ten cases of pericardial effusion were identified in adolescent females with anorexia nervosa.
    • No signs of heart failure were observed in any of the patients.
    • Eight patients experienced complete or partial remission of pericardial effusion with concurrent weight gain.

    Conclusions:

    • Pericardial effusions appear to be a more frequent cardiac complication of anorexia nervosa than previously recognized.
    • A correlation between pericardial effusion and weight restoration exists, although the exact pathophysiology remains unclear.
    • The clinical significance of these effusions in anorexia nervosa is generally considered doubtful.