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Do patients with obstructive sleep apnea have clinically significant proteinuria?
1Queen's University at Kingston, Ontario, Canada. eail@post.queensu.ca
Clinical Nephrology
|April 24, 2001
Summary
Clinically significant proteinuria is uncommon in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Proteinuria prevalence and severity are similar in OSAS and non-OSAS patients, with hypoxemia being a stronger factor than apnea frequency.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pulmonology
- Sleep Medicine
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is common and may be linked to proteinuria and renal failure.
- Previous studies suggest a high prevalence of proteinuria in OSAS patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the prevalence of proteinuria in OSAS patients.
- To identify factors associated with urine protein excretion in OSAS patients.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study of 224 patients with suspected OSAS.
- Assessed overnight polysomnography, urine protein to creatinine ratio (PTCR), BMI, MAP, and hematocrit.
- Defined sleep apnea as apnea-hypopnea score (AHS) ≥ 5 events/hour and proteinuria as PTCR > 0.2 mg/mg.
Main Results:
- Sleep apnea was present in 63.8% of subjects; proteinuria in 4.5%.
- Proteinuria prevalence was similar in OSAS (4.9%) and non-OSAS (3.7%) groups.
- PTCR correlated weakly with AHS but more strongly with lowest oxygen saturation, time below 90% saturation, and BMI.
Conclusions:
- Clinically significant proteinuria is uncommon in OSAS.
- Proteinuria prevalence and severity are similar in OSAS and non-OSAS patients.
- Hypoxemia, not apnea frequency, is weakly associated with urine protein excretion in OSAS.