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Oxidative pathways in cardiovascular disease: roles, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications
S K Wattanapitayakul1, J A Bauer
1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, 10110, Bangkok, Thailand.
Insights
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) involves increased oxidative stress. Antioxidants may offer therapeutic benefits for treating CVD by targeting these biological pathways.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Pathology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death globally.
- Recent therapeutic advances focus on inhibiting disease progression mechanisms.
- Increased oxidative pathways are observed in CVD patients and animal models.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of oxidative mechanisms in CVD.
- To identify sources of oxidants in CVD.
- To explore therapeutic implications of antioxidants for CVD.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on oxidative stress and CVD.
- Analysis of biological oxidative pathways in CVD.
- Evaluation of antioxidant therapeutic potential.
Main Results:
- Oxidative stress is implicated as a unifying mechanism in CVD progression.
- Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is elevated in CVD.
- Antioxidants show potential therapeutic value.
Conclusions:
- Oxidative mechanisms play a significant role in the pathogenesis of CVD.
- Understanding oxidant sources and pathways is crucial for treatment.
- Antioxidant therapies warrant further investigation for CVD management.
Abstract:
Despite some recent declines, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the major cause of death in the United States and worldwide. Most recent advances in the treatment of CVD states have been produced by inhibition of mechanisms involved in disease progress. Many studies conducted in the last decade have illustrated increased biological oxidative pathways during CVD in animals and humans. Thus, increased production of reactive oxygen species may be a unifying mechanism in CVD progression, and antioxidants may have therapeutic value in this setting. In this review we address the following questions: Do oxidative mechanisms play a role in CVD? Where do the oxidants come from? What are the relevant oxidative events? What are the therapeutic implications?