Prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 7, 2026

Intratracheal Instillation of Stem Cells in Term Neonatal Rats
04:27

Intratracheal Instillation of Stem Cells in Term Neonatal Rats

Published on: May 4, 2020

A H Jobe1, M Ikegami

  • 1Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. jobeaO@chmcc.org

Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|April 24, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants stems from impaired lung development, often mediated by inflammation. Avoiding mechanical ventilation is key to preventing severe BPD and improving outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease in preterm infants.
  • It results from arrested alveolar and vascular development.
  • Proinflammatory cytokines, triggered by infection, ventilation, and oxygen, are key mediators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of BPD pathophysiology.
  • To highlight strategies for preventing severe BPD.
  • To discuss the impact of ventilation and other therapies on BPD outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiologic data.
  • Analysis of clinical findings related to BPD.
  • Synthesis of current research on BPD pathogenesis and treatment.

Main Results:

  • Avoiding intubation and mechanical ventilation appears most effective in preventing severe BPD.
  • Evidence supporting specific ventilation techniques over others is inconclusive.
  • Strategies maintaining lung expansion and minimizing tidal volumes may be beneficial.
  • Adverse effects of postnatal steroid use are increasingly recognized.

Conclusions:

  • Minimizing ventilator-induced lung injury is crucial for improving outcomes in very preterm infants.
  • New insights into BPD pathophysiology emphasize lung protection strategies.
  • Preventive measures focusing on reducing ventilation are paramount.

More Related Videos

A Minimally Invasive Method for Intratracheal Instillation of Drugs in Neonatal Rodents to Treat Lung Disease04:21

A Minimally Invasive Method for Intratracheal Instillation of Drugs in Neonatal Rodents to Treat Lung Disease

Published on: August 4, 2021

Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs08:58

Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs

Published on: October 31, 2025

Related Concept Videos

Breathing01:05

Breathing

The process of breathing, inhaling and exhaling, involves the coordinated movement of the chest wall, the lungs, and the muscles that move them. Two muscle groups with important roles in breathing are the diaphragm, located directly below the lungs, and the intercostal muscles, which lie between the ribs. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and creating more room for the lungs to expand. When the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs...
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention01:30

Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention

Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Nursing Management01:30

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Nursing Management

Nursing management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is crucial for providing thorough care and support to patients. Nurses play an integral role in this process through detailed assessment, careful planning, targeted interventions, and ongoing evaluation. Here's an overview of the critical steps in nursing management for COPD.
Assessment
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...