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Tutor and student perceptions of the tutor's role in problem-based learning
J F Chaves1, M S Lantz, M D Lynch
1Division of Behavioral Medicine & Bioethics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis 46202, USA. jchaves@iupui.edu
The tutor role in problem-based learning (PBL) is complex. Dental students perceived the tutor role differently than tutors did, with tutors showing a more nuanced understanding of their performance in tutorials.
Area of Science:
- Dental Education
- Pedagogy
Background:
- The traditional teaching model is familiar to dental students and faculty.
- The tutor role in problem-based learning (PBL) presents a significant departure from traditional instruction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the dimensionality and complexity of the tutor role in PBL.
- To compare the perceptions of first- and second-year dental students with those of the tutors themselves regarding the tutor role.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a 24-item Likert-type questionnaire, part of the PBL-Evaluator web-based tool.
- Collected data over 1.5 years from two classes of dental students and their tutors after each PBL case.
- Employed exploratory principal components analyses to analyze questionnaire responses.
Main Results:
- Factor analysis revealed a more complex structure for the tutor role (five factors) compared to student perceptions (two factors for first-year, three factors for second-year).
- Tutors demonstrated a more nuanced self-assessment of their role compared to student evaluations.
- Modeling of professional conduct by tutors was consistently identified as crucial by both students and tutors.
Conclusions:
- The tutor role in PBL is perceived with varying complexity by students and tutors.
- Tutors possess a more detailed understanding of their multifaceted role in PBL.
- Emphasis on tutor modeling of professional conduct is vital for effective PBL in dental education.
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