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Carcinogenesis from polyurethans.

J Autian, A R Singh, J E Turner

    Cancer Research
    |June 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Polyurethanes and polyethylene implants were tested for cancer development in rats over two years. Certain polyurethanes showed significant tumorigenicity, with variations observed between male and female rats.

    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Toxicology
    • Biomedical Engineering

    Background:

    • Biocompatibility of synthetic polymers is crucial for medical implants.
    • Understanding the carcinogenic potential of implanted materials is essential for safety.
    • Polyurethanes and polyethylene are widely used in medical devices.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the carcinogenic potential of seventeen polyurethanes and one polyethylene.
    • To compare the tumorigenicity of these materials in male and female rats.
    • To investigate the relationship between material properties and carcinogenesis.

    Main Methods:

    • Intraperitoneal implantation of polyurethanes and polyethylene in male and female rats.
    • Two-year observation period for tumor development.

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  • Quantification of tumor incidence and estimation of tumorigenic latent periods.
  • Comparison of relative tumorigenicity with in vitro activation energy for thermal decomposition.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant tumor development was observed in rats implanted with certain polyurethanes and polyethylene.
    • The material Y-238 exhibited the highest relative tumorigenicity in both male and female rats.
    • Tumorigenic latent periods varied among different materials and between sexes.
    • Relative tumorigenicity showed a correlation with in vitro activation energy for thermal decomposition.

    Conclusions:

    • The study demonstrates varying carcinogenic potential among different polyurethane formulations and polyethylene.
    • Material properties, such as activation energy, may influence the carcinogenic outcome.
    • Findings contribute to understanding solid-state versus chemical carcinogenesis mechanisms for implanted biomaterials.