Tooth preparations for complete crowns: an art form based on scientific principles

Area of Science:

• Restorative Dentistry
• Dental Prosthodontics
• Biomaterials Science

Background:

• Current scientific knowledge on complete coverage tooth preparations lacks recent comprehensive review.
• Historical evolution of tooth preparation techniques requires updated scientific synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To trace the historical development of complete coverage tooth preparations.
• To establish evidence-based guidelines for scientific tooth preparation.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review spanning 250 years of clinical practice.
• Focused analysis of scientific data from the last 50 years.
• Utilized MEDLINE and manual searches for English-language articles.

Main Results:

• Recommended preparation characteristics include 10-20 degrees total occlusal convergence, specific occlusocervical and faciolingual dimensions, and preservation of line angles.
• Auxiliary resistance features like axial grooves or boxes are advised for teeth lacking ideal geometry.
• Finish line selection depends on crown type, esthetics, and ease of formation, with supragingival placement often preferred.

Conclusions:

• Nine scientific principles have been formulated for successful complete coverage restorations.
• These principles address mechanical retention, biologic compatibility, and esthetic outcomes.
• Ensuring optimal tooth preparation is crucial for long-term restoration success.