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Bed mobility task performance in older adults.

N B Alexander1, J C Grunawalt, S Carlos

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109, USA. nalexand@umich.edu

Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development
|April 27, 2001
PubMed
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Rising from bed is challenging for older adults. Improving upper limb assistance in trunk elevation, not just trunk strength, is key for better bed mobility in skilled nursing facilities and congregate housing.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Rehabilitation Science
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Difficulty with bed mobility, specifically rising from supine to sitting, is prevalent in older adults.
  • This issue is particularly pronounced in individuals residing in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific movements contributing to successful rising from bed in older adults.
  • To compare the performance of healthy young controls (YC) with older adults in congregate housing (CH) and skilled nursing facilities (SNF) on bed mobility tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed YC, CH, and SNF participants on time to rise from supine to sitting.
  • Evaluated the ability to perform 16 distinct bed mobility tasks focusing on arm, leg, and trunk movements.

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Main Results:

  • SNF residents exhibited the most difficulty with trunk elevation and balance tasks, followed by CH residents.
  • Both SNF and CH groups struggled with trunk flexion and lateral balance tasks.
  • Significant differences between CH and SNF groups were observed in trunk elevation tasks requiring upper limb assistance.

Conclusions:

  • Improving trunk strength alone is insufficient for enhancing bed mobility in frail older adults.
  • Therapeutic interventions and bed design modifications should focus on leveraging upper limb movements for trunk elevation.
  • Enhanced upper limb support can significantly aid older adults in rising from supine to sitting.