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T and B lymphocytes in AIDS. Morphological aspects.

M J Pina1, J A Pina

  • 1Department of Medicine of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the New University of Lisbon and S. Francisco Xavier Hospital, Portugal.

Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology = Archivio Italiano Di Anatomia Ed Embriologia
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Scanning electron microscopy revealed unique lymphocyte surface changes in patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-Related Complex (ARC). These alterations may serve as an early indicator of cell dysfunction in this complex disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-Related Complex (ARC) are characterized by immune deficiency.
  • Understanding lymphocyte alterations is crucial for early disease detection and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare scanning electron microscopic (SEM) features of T and B lymphocytes in patients with AIDS/ARC.
  • To identify potential early markers of lymphocyte dysfunction in AIDS/ARC.

Main Methods:

  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine lymphocyte surface morphology.
  • Lymphocytes from patients with AIDS/ARC, therapy-induced immunodeficiency, and healthy donors were analyzed.

Main Results:

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  • Distinct surface alterations, including protrusions, buddings, and bowl-shaped cavities, were observed on lymphocytes from end-stage AIDS patients.
  • These specific alterations were not present in lymphocytes from ARC patients, those with therapy-induced immunodeficiency, or healthy donors.

Conclusions:

  • The observed lymphocyte surface changes in AIDS patients may represent early signs of cell dysfunction.
  • These SEM-observed alterations could potentially serve as an early diagnostic marker for AIDS.