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Mapping visual cortex in monkeys and humans using surface-based atlases.

D C Van Essen1, J W Lewis, H A Drury

  • 1Anatomy & Neurobiology, Washington University, School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. vanessen@v1.wustl.edu

Vision Research
|April 27, 2001
PubMed
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Human and macaque visual cortex organization was analyzed using surface-based atlases. Humans show significantly expanded extrastriate visual cortex, especially in the parietal lobe, compared to macaques.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Comparative Anatomy

Background:

  • Understanding visual cortex organization is key to deciphering brain function.
  • Comparative studies between humans and macaques offer insights into evolutionary changes in the brain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze and compare the functional organization of visual cortex in humans and macaque monkeys.
  • To identify species-specific differences in cortical expansion, particularly in extrastriate regions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized surface-based atlases of the cerebral cortex for both species.
  • Employed probabilistic atlases of visual areas and summary schemes based on physiological and anatomical data.
  • Applied surface-based warping to align macaque and human cortical maps for cross-species comparison.
Keywords:
NASA Discipline NeuroscienceNon-NASA Center

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Developed and compared detailed atlases of human and macaque visual cortex.
  • Identified significant expansion of extrastriate visual cortex in humans relative to macaques.
  • Observed this expansion is particularly pronounced in the parietal lobe of the human brain.

Conclusions:

  • The extrastriate visual cortex, beyond known topographic areas, shows substantial expansion in humans.
  • This expansion in human visual cortex, especially in parietal regions, may underlie cognitive differences between humans and macaques.