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Story comprehension in children with ADHD
E P Lorch1, R Milich, R P Sanchez
1Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0044, USA.
Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review
|April 28, 2001
Summary
Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show delays in understanding story causality and structure. Their attention challenges impact comprehension of factual and causal information, affecting recall.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Psychology
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Extensive research exists on typical children's story comprehension.
- Limited research has focused on story comprehension in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Purpose of the Study:
- To integrate developmental literature on story comprehension with existing knowledge of ADHD's impact on this process.
- To review the story comprehension abilities of children with ADHD using a network model of story representation.
Main Methods:
- A literature review approach was employed.
- The review utilized a network model emphasizing causal and enabling relations in story events.
Main Results:
- Children with ADHD demonstrate a lag in understanding causal relations compared to peers.
- Attentional deficits in ADHD appear linked to difficulties comprehending factual information (preschool) and causal information (elementary).
- Children with ADHD may be less adept at using story structure to guide event recall.
Conclusions:
- Children with ADHD experience specific challenges in story comprehension, particularly with causal relationships and structural elements.
- Future research should explore the developmental trajectory of complex information processing in children with ADHD.