Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 9, 2026
06:15
Using the Visual World Paradigm to Study Sentence Comprehension in Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism
Published on: October 3, 2018
Story comprehension in children with ADHD
E P Lorch1, R Milich, R P Sanchez
1Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0044, USA.
Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review
|April 28, 2001
Summary
Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show delays in understanding story causality and structure. Their attention challenges impact comprehension of factual and causal information, affecting recall.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Psychology
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Extensive research exists on typical children's story comprehension.
- Limited research has focused on story comprehension in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Purpose of the Study:
- To integrate developmental literature on story comprehension with existing knowledge of ADHD's impact on this process.
- To review the story comprehension abilities of children with ADHD using a network model of story representation.
Main Methods:
- A literature review approach was employed.
- The review utilized a network model emphasizing causal and enabling relations in story events.
Main Results:
- Children with ADHD demonstrate a lag in understanding causal relations compared to peers.
- Attentional deficits in ADHD appear linked to difficulties comprehending factual information (preschool) and causal information (elementary).
- Children with ADHD may be less adept at using story structure to guide event recall.
Conclusions:
- Children with ADHD experience specific challenges in story comprehension, particularly with causal relationships and structural elements.
- Future research should explore the developmental trajectory of complex information processing in children with ADHD.
Related Concept Videos
01:12Hindsight Biases
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now?
01:22Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory
Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of information more...
01:30Information Processing Approach
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is also...
01:26Modeling in Therapy
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...
01:30Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
01:25Learning Disabilities
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...