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R-twist gene expression during rat palatogenesis.
A Bloch-Zupan1, N Hunter, A Manthey
1Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Eastman Dental Institute for Oral Health Care Sciences, University College London, England. A.Blochzupan@eastman.ucl.ac.uk
Summary
The twist gene, crucial for palatal fusion, is expressed in specific areas of developing rat palates. This finding may explain maxillary growth issues in human craniosynostosis syndromes.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Biology
- Genetics
- Craniofacial Development
Background:
- Palatal clefting and craniosynostosis syndromes are linked to fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) mutations.
- Epithelio-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is involved in palatal fusion and cancer progression, with altered FGFR2 expression.
- The TWIST gene, a transcription factor, is implicated in FGFR2 regulation and Saethre-Chotzen syndrome.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression pattern of the twist gene during rat palatogenesis.
- To understand the role of twist gene expression in palatal fusion and its potential link to craniosynostosis syndromes.
Main Methods:
- In situ hybridization using digoxigenin-labeled ssDNA probes was performed on rat embryos.
- Analysis of twist transcript distribution occurred from 14.5 to 17.5 days post coitum.
Main Results:
- Twist transcripts were detected in mesenchymal cells under the palatal shelf epithelium before and during fusion.
- Localized twist expression was also observed in the epithelial tip of the palatal shelves prior to fusion.
Conclusions:
- Twist gene expression is implicated in the process of palatogenesis.
- The observed expression pattern provides insights into maxillary growth disturbances seen in human craniosynostotic syndromes.