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Comparative study on genomes of two Japanese melon necrotic spot virus isolates

K Ohshima1, T Ando, N Motomura

  • 1Laboratory of Plant Virology, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 1-banchi, Honjo-machi, Saga 840-8502, Japan. ohshimak@cc.saga-u.ac.jp

Acta Virologica
|May 3, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Two Japanese Melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV) isolates, NH and NK, were sequenced. A single amino acid difference in the movement protein (p7A) may explain the NK isolate's systemic infection capability in melon plants.

Area of Science:

  • Plant Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV) causes significant crop losses globally.
  • Understanding genetic diversity and virulence factors of MNSV isolates is crucial for disease management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the complete nucleotide sequences of two Japanese MNSV isolates (NH and NK).
  • To compare the genetic and protein sequences of these isolates.
  • To investigate potential molecular determinants of systemic infection.

Main Methods:

  • Whole-genome sequencing of MNSV NH and NK isolates.
  • Open reading frame (ORF) analysis to identify encoded proteins.
  • Sequence identity comparisons at nucleotide and amino acid levels.
  • Phylogenetic analysis based on nucleotide sequences.

Main Results:

  • Genomes of NH and NK isolates encode five proteins: p29, p89 (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase), p14, p7A (movement protein), and p42 (coat protein).
  • High nucleotide (97.4-99.5%) and amino acid (97.7-100%) sequence identities were observed between NH and NK isolates.
  • Only the NK isolate caused systemic infection in Cucumis melo plants.
  • A single amino acid difference (Serine vs. Isoleucine at position 16) in the p7A movement protein was identified between the isolates.
  • Phylogenetic analysis suggested NH and NK form a distinct group, separate from the MNSV S isolate.

Conclusions:

  • The p7A movement protein sequence variation, specifically the serine at position 16 in the NH isolate, may influence systemic infection capability.
  • The genetic distinctness of the MNSV S isolate warrants further investigation.
  • Comparative genomics provides insights into MNSV evolution and pathogenicity.

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