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[Gastrointestinal dysmotility in children].
1Seksjon for gastroenterologi og ernaering Barneklinikken Haukeland Sykehus 5021 Bergen. gjermund.fluge@pedi.uib.no
Summary
New techniques enable investigation of gastrointestinal motility disorders. This study reviews neurophysiology, diagnostic tools, and treatments, highlighting two pediatric cases with rare conditions.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Pediatric Surgery
- Neurogastroenterology
Background:
- Gastrointestinal motility disorders were historically challenging to diagnose and treat.
- Advancements in diagnostic technology have opened new avenues for understanding these conditions.
Observation:
- This review provides an overview of the neurophysiological functions of the gastrointestinal tract.
- It discusses primary and secondary motility disorders, diagnostic procedures, and treatment options.
- Two pediatric cases are presented: one with megacystis microcolon hypoperistalsis syndrome and another with hypoganglionosis.
Findings:
- Esophageal manometry in 44 children revealed pathological findings in 18.
- Gastric motor activity assessed by ultrasound and electrogastrography showed disturbed function in 9 of 17 children.
- Anorectal manometry in 147 individuals led to a diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease in four.
Implications:
- The findings underscore the utility of advanced diagnostic techniques in identifying and managing pediatric motility disorders.
- Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
- Further research into neurophysiological mechanisms can lead to novel therapeutic strategies.