[Melanocyte nevus in childhood]

Melanocytic nevi are due to benign melanocyte proliferation. Most melanocytic nevi develop during childhood and adolescence and give an stabilization in middle age (already 25 years old). About 1% of newborns presents congenital nevi. Removal of nevi is not usually required except in cases of giant congenital nevi and clinically atypical nevi. The aim of this study was to review the different types of nevi, their possible associations and prevention of risk factors. Sun exposure, atypical or numerous nevi, phenotypical risk of nevi and familial antecedents of melanoma are predisposing factors for melanoma. Epidemiological studies confirm an increasing epidemic of melanoma in adults and evidence exists that this worldwide epidemic is also affecting the teenage population. Pediatricians play an important role in the prevention and early diagnosis of these lesions. They can also educate parents and children on adequate sun screening, which includes the use of sunscreens against ultraviolet A and B radiation, the wearing of protective clothing and the avoidance of overexposure to sunlight.