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Integrin alpha(v)beta1 is an adenovirus coreceptor.
1Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Journal of Virology
|May 3, 2001
Summary
Adenovirus (Ad) uses the coxsackie adenovirus receptor (CAR) and integrin alpha(v)beta1 for cell entry, not alpha(v)beta3 or alpha(v)beta5. This finding explains efficient Ad transduction in cells expressing alpha(v)beta1, like some tumors.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Virology
- Molecular Medicine
Background:
- Human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells are widely used for adenovirus (Ad) propagation.
- HEK293 cells lack alpha(v)beta3 and alpha(v)beta5 integrins, yet are efficiently infected by Ad vectors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the specific integrin coreceptors involved in Ad entry into HEK293 cells.
- To understand the mechanism of Ad cell internalization and transduction.
Main Methods:
- Utilized function-blocking antibodies against specific integrin subunits (alpha(v), beta1, beta3, beta5, alpha5).
- Assessed the impact of antibody treatment on Ad infection and viral endocytosis in HEK293 cells.
Main Results:
- Adenovirus (Ad) binds to HEK293 cells via the coxsackie adenovirus receptor (CAR).
- Ad internalization and infection are mediated by integrin alpha(v)beta1, not alpha(v)beta3 or alpha(v)beta5.
- Blocking antibodies against alpha(v) or beta1 subunits significantly inhibited Ad infection and endocytosis.
Conclusions:
- Integrin alpha(v)beta1 acts as a crucial coreceptor for Ad infection in HEK293 cells.
- The expression profile of integrins, specifically high alpha(v)beta1 and low alpha(v)beta3/beta5, may determine tumor cell susceptibility to Ad vectors.