Pamidronate increases trabecular bone mineral density in immobilization osteopenia in male rats
J Huuskonen1, I Arnala, H Olkkonen
1Department of Surgery, University of Kuopio, Finland. johuusko@hytti.uku.fi
Background And Aims:
Osteopenia is a common consequence of immobilization. We investigated the effects of pamidronate on immobilized bone in male rats.
Material And Methods:
Eighty male Wistar rats (5 months old) were divided in five groups (control (C); pamidronate at 0.5 mg/kg per dose (Pam0.5); immobilization (N); pamidronate at 0.05 mg/kg per dose + immobilization (N + Pam0.05); and pamidronate at 0.5 mg/kg per dose + immobilization (N + Pam0.5). The rats were immobilized on their right side by sciatic neurectomy. Pamidronate was given subcutaneously three times a week for three weeks. Trabecular bone mineral density (TBMD) of the upper femur, ultimate failure load of the femoral diaphysis, ash weight of femur, calcium content of femoral ash, and ash weight corrected with bone volume (AWcc [g/cm3]) were determined. Histomorphometry of proximal tibiae was performed by a semiautomatic method.
Results:
TBMD was higher on both sides in Pam0.5 and N + Pam0.5 groups than in C or N groups. Ultimate failure load was not altered significantly with treatment. AWcc of the immobilized femur was lower (p < 0.001) than in the contralateral limb in N, N + Pam0.05 and N + Pam0.5 groups. Both resorption and formation parameters were suppressed by pamidronate.
Conclusion:
Pamidronate treatment seemed to increase trabecular bone density, although it was not effective in maintaining the AWcc of the operated extremity. Pamidronate did not seem to affect the ultimate failure load of cortical bone.
Insights
Pamidronate increased trabecular bone density in immobilized rats but did not prevent bone loss or maintain structural integrity. The drug suppressed bone turnover, impacting both resorption and formation.
Area of Science:
- Bone Metabolism and Pharmacology
- Orthopedic Research
- Pharmacological Interventions in Osteopenia
Background:
- Osteopenia is a frequent outcome of limb immobilization.
- Understanding interventions for immobilization-induced bone loss is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of pamidronate in preventing osteopenia in immobilized rats.
- To assess pamidronate's impact on bone mineral density, structural integrity, and bone turnover.
Main Methods:
- Male Wistar rats underwent immobilization via sciatic neurectomy.
- Groups received varying doses of pamidronate or served as controls.
- Evaluated bone mineral density, failure load, ash weight, calcium content, and histomorphometry.
Main Results:
- Pamidronate treatment increased trabecular bone mineral density (TBMD).
- No significant changes in ultimate failure load were observed.
- Ash weight corrected with bone volume (AWcc) decreased in immobilized limbs despite pamidronate treatment.
- Pamidronate suppressed both bone resorption and formation.
Conclusions:
- Pamidronate may enhance trabecular bone density but does not preserve bone mass or structural integrity in immobilized limbs.
- The drug's effect on bone turnover suggests a broad impact on remodeling processes.
- Pamidronate did not improve the mechanical properties of cortical bone.
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