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Related Experiment Videos

Antileukotrienes in asthma: present situation.

L García-Marcos1, A Schuster

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Murcia and Pediatric Research Unit Dirección Salud Area II, Pza. San Agustín, 3, 30201 Cartagena, Spain. Lgmarcos@um.es

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
|May 5, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Antileukotriene drugs, including receptor antagonists and 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors, are widely used for asthma treatment. Their exact role is still being defined, but they show anti-inflammatory effects and improve chronic asthma, with individual responses varying.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Inflammation

Background:

  • Leukotrienes are key mediators in asthma.
  • Several antileukotriene drugs, including receptor antagonists (montelukast, pranlukast, zafirlukast) and a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor (zileuton), are now widely used.
  • The definitive role of antileukotrienes in asthma treatment algorithms is still under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status and place of antileukotrienes in asthma management.
  • To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and specific applications of different antileukotriene drugs.
  • To discuss factors influencing patient response and the corticosteroid-sparing effects of these medications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of marketed antileukotriene drugs: receptor antagonists and 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors.

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  • Analysis of clinical data on efficacy in chronic and exercise-induced asthma.
  • Assessment of anti-inflammatory properties, corticosteroid-sparing effects, and safety profiles.

    • Main Results:

    • Antileukotrienes demonstrate anti-inflammatory properties and are effective in chronic asthma.
    • Montelukast and zafirlukast are effective for exercise-induced asthma; zileuton is useful for aspirin-intolerant asthma.
    • A corticosteroid-sparing effect is established for most antileukotrienes, with montelukast extensively studied in children.
    • Oral administration generally leads to better compliance than inhaled medications.
    • Patient response can be influenced by genetic polymorphisms in leukotriene metabolism.
    • Most antileukotrienes are well-tolerated, with potential hepatic effects noted for zileuton.

    Conclusions:

    • Antileukotrienes are valuable additions to asthma therapy, offering anti-inflammatory benefits and improved compliance.
    • Specific agents like montelukast and zafirlukast have defined roles in exercise-induced asthma and pediatric populations.
    • Further research is needed to establish their definitive place in treatment algorithms and compare them with other asthma medications.