[Opportunistic microorganisms in urinary tract diseases]

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Infectious Diseases
• Urology

Background:

• Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common, with diverse etiological agents.
• Understanding the microbial landscape of UTIs is crucial for effective treatment.
• The role of colonic microflora in UTIs requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the microflora associated with UTIs in the Moscow Region.
• To identify the primary etiological agents of UTIs, non-gonococcal urethritis, pyelonephritis, and female genital infections.
• To explore the link between colonic dysbiosis and urinary tract pathogen translocation.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of clinical samples including urine, urethral discharge, vaginal discharge, and feces.
• Microbiological culturing and identification of bacterial species.
• Correlation of identified pathogens with specific clinical conditions.

Main Results:

• Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis were the most prevalent pathogens in urine samples from UTI patients.
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa, other staphylococci, and enterococci were isolated less frequently.
• Staphylococci, particularly S. epidermidis, were significant causative agents in non-gonococcal urethritis (50%) and female genital infections (40%).
• E. coli was a predominant pathogen in pyelonephritis (over 50%).
• High- and moderate-priority pathogens were found to translocate from the colonic biotope during dysbacteriosis.

Conclusions:

• Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis are key etiological agents in UTIs and related infections in the Moscow Region.
• Colonic dysbiosis serves as a reservoir for pathogens translocating to the urinary tract.
• Targeting S. epidermidis and E. coli is essential for managing UTIs and associated infections.