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Selected body composition methods can be used in field studies.

K J Ellis1

  • 1Body Composition Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

The Journal of Nutrition
|May 8, 2001
PubMed
Summary

This review explores current in vivo body composition methods for field studies, comparing new and established techniques. It assesses their advantages and limitations for practical application in diverse settings.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Anthropometry
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Accurate in vivo body composition assessment is crucial for various physiological and health-related studies.
  • Field studies require practical, reliable, and accessible body composition measurement tools.
  • Established methods often have limitations in portability, cost, or ease of use in non-laboratory settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of current in vivo body composition methodologies suitable for field studies.
  • To compare novel and established techniques based on their applicability and limitations in field settings.
  • To evaluate emerging technologies against gold-standard reference methods.

Main Methods:

  • Categorization of methods into anthropometric indices/skinfold, body volume, body water (including bioelectrical methods), and imaging techniques.

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  • Review of advanced technologies such as air-displacement plethysmography, 3D photonic scanning, multifrequency bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy, and electrical impedance/magnetic induction tomography.
  • Comparative analysis of newer approaches with established reference methods.

    • Main Results:

    • Newer technologies like air-displacement plethysmography and multifrequency bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy offer promising alternatives for field use.
    • Each method presents unique advantages and limitations concerning accuracy, cost, portability, and ease of application.
    • Established methods remain valuable but may be superseded by newer, more field-friendly technologies in specific contexts.

    Conclusions:

    • The selection of an appropriate in vivo body composition method for field studies depends on balancing technological capabilities with practical constraints.
    • Emerging technologies show significant potential to enhance the feasibility and accuracy of body composition assessments outside traditional laboratory environments.
    • Further validation and refinement of field-applicable body composition techniques are essential for advancing physiological research and public health initiatives.