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Total thyroidectomy for benign thyroid disorders in an endemic region.
A Mishra1, A Agarwal, G Agarwal
1Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226 014, UP, India.
World Journal of Surgery
|May 9, 2001
Summary
Total thyroidectomy is a safe and effective treatment for benign thyroid disorders like goiters. This procedure offers a viable option, especially for large or recurrent goiters, with low complication rates.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Surgical Oncology
- Thyroid Surgery
Background:
- Total thyroidectomy is standard for differentiated thyroid cancer but underutilized for benign thyroid disorders due to perceived risks.
- Benign thyroid conditions, such as multinodular goiter and Graves' disease, often require surgical intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety and efficacy of total thyroidectomy in managing benign thyroid disorders.
- To determine complication rates and assess the procedure's viability for non-cancerous thyroid conditions.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 127 total thyroidectomies performed for benign thyroid disorders.
- Data collected included patient demographics, biochemical results, indications, specimen weight, and complications.
Main Results:
- The study included 52 toxic goiter and 75 nontoxic goiter cases, with a mean goiter duration of over 6 years and mean specimen weight of 136.88g.
- An occult malignancy rate of 6.3% was found. Permanent hypothyroidism occurred in 1.6% and permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy in 0.8% of patients.
Conclusions:
- Total thyroidectomy is a safe and effective treatment for benign thyroid disorders, including multinodular goiter and Graves' disease, particularly with nodules or ophthalmopathy.
- The procedure is especially relevant in endemic areas with large, long-standing goiters, offering a better alternative to reoperation with its associated complications.