Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

26.4K
Overview
26.4K
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

1.6K
Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
1.6K
Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

7.3K
Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
7.3K
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

209
Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
209
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

280
Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
280
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

269
Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum...
269

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Discontinuing venom immunotherapy.

Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology·2002
Same author

Case report of venom immunotherapy for a patient with large local reactions.

Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology·2001
Same author

Immunostimulatory sequence DNA linked to the Amb a 1 allergen promotes T(H)1 cytokine expression while downregulating T(H)2 cytokine expression in PBMCs from human patients with ragweed allergy.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2001
Same author

Fatal insect allergy after discontinuation of venom immunotherapy.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2001
Same author

Recombinant allergens with reduced allergenicity but retaining immunogenicity of the natural allergens: hybrids of yellow jacket and paper wasp venom allergen antigen 5s.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2001
Same author

In vitro diagnostic tests of IgE-mediated diseases.

Clinical allergy and immunology·2000
Same journal

Corrigendum.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2026
Same journal

Comparative Efficacy of Biologic Agents for Severe Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2026
Same journal

Tamoxifen-driven neutrophil reprogramming protects from pulmonary Granulibacter bethesdensis infection in chronic granulomatous disease.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2026
Same journal

Clinical and transcriptomic characterization of mixed granulocytic COPD phenotype.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2026
Same journal

Dupilumab outcomes in pediatric asthma by early eosinophil status: post hoc analysis of VOYAGE/EXCURSION.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2026
Same journal

Maternal antibiotic exposure alters the newborn metabolomic profile and increases the risk of respiratory infections in offspring: a 13-year longitudinal birth cohort study.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice
07:49

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice

Published on: October 14, 2014

19.1K

Insect sting allergy with negative venom skin test responses.

D B Golden1, A Kagey-Sobotka, P S Norman

  • 1Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|May 10, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Negative venom skin tests do not rule out insect sting allergy. Many patients with a history of systemic reactions have negative skin tests but may still react to stings, highlighting the need for further testing.

More Related Videos

Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E sIgE
07:10

Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E sIgE

Published on: April 21, 2019

15.9K
Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
07:22

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Published on: May 31, 2021

9.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice
07:49

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice

Published on: October 14, 2014

19.1K
Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E sIgE
07:10

Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E sIgE

Published on: April 21, 2019

15.9K
Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
07:22

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Published on: May 31, 2021

9.9K

Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Insect Sting Reactions
  • Diagnostic Testing

Background:

  • A significant portion of patients with a history of systemic insect sting reactions were previously excluded from immunotherapy trials due to negative venom skin tests.
  • Previous reports indicate that some patients with negative skin tests can experience severe reactions upon subsequent stings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To raise awareness regarding insect sting allergy in patients with negative skin test responses.
  • To determine the frequency and clinical significance of negative venom skin test results in individuals with a documented history of systemic reactions to insect stings.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective examination of negative venom skin test prevalence in patients with a history of systemic sting reactions.
  • Analysis of retesting outcomes and sting challenge results in consenting patients.

Main Results:

  • Out of 307 patients, 32% had negative venom skin tests. Of these, 36% had positive repeat skin tests or low positive RAST, and 7% had high IgE levels.
  • Notably, 57% of patients with negative skin tests and positive histories had negative RAST results.
  • Systemic reactions occurred in 21% of patients with positive skin tests and 22% of those with negative skin tests (24% with positive RAST, 14% with negative RAST).

Conclusions:

  • Negative venom skin tests do not exclude the possibility of future systemic sting reactions.
  • A substantial number of patients with a history of systemic sting reactions exhibit negative skin tests, sometimes accompanied by positive venom-specific IgE antibody levels.
  • Repeat venom skin testing and serologic IgE antivenom testing are recommended for patients with negative initial skin tests; improved diagnostic reagents are needed.