Early complications following total gastrectomy for gastric cancer

The study shows operative results with complications occurring in first 30 days after total gastrectomy for stomach cancer.

A retrospective analysis was performed using medical documentation and histological findings for 76 patients after total gastrectomy was done between 1990 and 1997. Mortality and postoperative complications were analyzed. Complications were sorted as specific and nonspecific. All operations were performed either for intestinal gastric cancer located in proximal stomach or for diffuse stomach cancer. All anastomoses were hand sewn.

There were 43 male and 33 female patients. Postoperative mortality was 14.4%. The most frequent complications were dehiscence of the oesophago-jejunal anastomosis in 15.8% of operated patients, postoperative temperature without apparent infection in 5.2%, thrombophlebitis in 5.2%, pneumothorax in 3.9%, hepatic necrosis in one patient (1.3%), and perforation of jejunal loop with nasogastric tube in another (1.3%) ended fatally. The average postoperative intra-hospital treatment lasted 12.3 days. Dehiscence of the oesophago-enteric anastomosis, resulted in generalized peritonitis in 66.6%. Six patients succumbed as a consequence, while two survived with subphrenic and interenteric abscesses. Pneumothorax in combination with total gastrectomy was always fatal.

Routine use of stapling surgery, subspecialization in surgery, and better early intensive care monitoring and treatment could reduce the mortality rate.