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Contact dermatitis after temporary henna tattoos--an increasing phenomenon
S Läuchli1, S Lautenschlager, S Läuchl
1Outpatient Clinic of Dermatology, Triemli Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland.
Swiss Medical Weekly
|May 11, 2001
Summary
Black henna tattoos can cause allergic contact dermatitis due to paraphenylenediamine (PPD), not henna itself. This sensitization can lead to prolonged healing and future allergic reactions, particularly with PPD-based hair dyes.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Allergology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Temporary tattoos, often marketed as 'black henna', are popular globally.
- Adverse reactions to these temporary tattoos have been reported, necessitating investigation into their cause.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the causative agent in black henna tattoo-induced contact dermatitis.
- To characterize the clinical and histological features of this reaction.
- To raise awareness among healthcare professionals regarding this potential complication.
Main Methods:
- Case study of four patients presenting with dermatitis after black henna tattoos.
- Clinical examination and histological analysis of skin lesions.
- Patch testing with p-phenylenediamine (PPD) and other potential allergens.
Main Results:
- All four patients developed allergic contact dermatitis at the tattoo site.
- Histopathology confirmed spongiotic dermatitis.
- Patch testing revealed a consistent strong reaction to PPD, while henna and standard series tests were negative.
- Topical steroid treatment resulted in prolonged healing.
Conclusions:
- Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) is the likely causative agent in black henna tattoo-related allergic contact dermatitis.
- The high concentration of PPD used to darken tattoo colorants poses a significant risk of sensitization.
- Healthcare providers should be vigilant for PPD sensitization from temporary tattoos, recognizing potential cross-reactivity with hair dyes.