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Octreotide for acute variceal bleeding.

¹Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA. erstad@pharmacy.arizona.edu

The Annals of Pharmacotherapy

|May 11, 2001

Summary

Octreotide is an effective treatment for acute variceal bleeding, reducing blood loss and transfusion needs. This medication offers a safe and rapid intervention when compared to endoscopic therapies.

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Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Pharmacology

Background:

Acute variceal bleeding is a serious complication of portal hypertension.
Endoscopic therapies and medications are used to manage bleeding and rebleeding episodes.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the efficacy and safety of octreotide for acute variceal bleeding.

Main Methods:

Computerized searches of MEDLINE and review of textbooks.
Inclusion of randomized studies and pharmacoeconomic evaluations of octreotide therapy.
Extraction of primary outcomes including persistent bleeding, need for intervention, and mortality.

Main Results:

Octreotide, administered via continuous intravenous infusion, effectively reduces blood loss and transfusion requirements.
It serves as an initial intervention or adjunctive therapy to endoscopic measures.
Octreotide has a rapid onset of action and is relatively free of significant adverse effects.

Conclusions:

Substantial evidence supports octreotide's efficacy in managing acute variceal bleeding with few adverse effects.
Further pharmacoeconomic investigations are warranted.

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