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Hypercalcaemia in systemic lupus erythematosus.

N Berar-Yanay¹, P Weiner, R Magadle

¹Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel.

Clinical Rheumatology

|May 11, 2001

Summary

Systemic lupus erythematosus can rarely cause hypercalcaemia, sometimes presenting as hypercalcaemia-lymphoedema syndrome. This case highlights a rare presentation of lupus, exploring potential autoimmune mechanisms for high calcium levels.

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Rheumatology
Internal Medicine

Background:

Hypercalcaemia is a common electrolyte disturbance, typically caused by hyperparathyroidism or malignancy.
Less common causes account for fewer than 10% of cases.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a very rare cause of hypercalcaemia.

Observation:

This report details a patient with severe hypercalcaemia who developed hypercalcaemia-lymphoedema syndrome.
The patient also met the diagnostic criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus.
This distinct clinical entity involves lymphadenopathy and pleuritis.

Findings:

The pathophysiology of hypercalcaemia in SLE remains incompletely understood.
Some cases show elevated parathyroid-related peptide (PTHrP) levels.
Other cases, with normal PTHrP, suggest autoantibodies activating the PTH receptor.

Implications:

This case underscores the importance of considering SLE in unexplained hypercalcaemia, especially with associated lymphadenopathy and pleuritis.
Further research into the autoimmune mechanisms of hypercalcaemia in SLE is warranted.
Understanding these mechanisms could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for both hypercalcaemia and SLE.

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